广域网技术

1、基础概述
(1)定义
WAN–广义网,大范围网络,常常是一个国家或者一个州
(2)设备
路由器–支持不同类型的网络接口,实现不同网络类型互联

2、基础术语
(1)上行/下行

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(2)同步/异步

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(3)串行/并行

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3、连接类型
(1)专线连接

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E1:2M
T1:1.544M
优点:线缆专用,带宽恒定
缺点:价格昂贵
(2)电路连接

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(3)分组交换

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(4)信元交换
固定长度的分组就是信元

4、WAN协议
(1)HDLC
定义:
高级数据链路控制协议–Cisco私有

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概念:
DTE:数据终端设备
DCE:数据通信设备
配置:
第一步,首先确定DTE与DCE的时钟频率一致:
查看时钟频率

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配置时钟频率

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第二步,进行协议配置:
配置端口协议

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查看端口协议

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(2)PPP
定义:
point-to-point协议

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配置:

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认证:
PAP认证(明文):
PAP认证过程:

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PAP认证配置:

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CHAP认证(密文):分为双向CHAP和单向CHAP
双向CHAP认证过程:

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双向CHAP认证配置:

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单向CHAP认证过程:

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单向CHAP认证配置:

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链路捆绑:
定义:

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配置:

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查看:

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(3)frame-relay
WHY
frame-relay出现之前:
拓扑复杂:

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查询复杂:

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frame-relay出现之后:
拓扑简洁:

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查询简单:

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WHAT
术语:
DLCI:数字链路连接标识符
标签:tag
接口类型:DTE、DCE、NNI
信令类型:cisco、q933a、ansi(同一线缆上信令类型必须一致)
电路类型:VC(虚拟电路)、PVC(永久虚电路)、SVC(短暂虚电路)
HOW
拓扑图:

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静态配置:
R1:

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R2:

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R3:

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动态配置:

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查看配置:

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